Preventing coagulation of blood



April 9, 1940. H. DYCKERHOFF 2,196,199

PREVENTING COAGULATION OF BLOOD Filed Dec. 28, 19ss Patented Apr. 9, 1940 2,196,199 PREVENTING COAGULATION OF BLOOD I V Hanns Dyckerhofl', Munich Germany ApplicationDecember as, 1936, Serial No. 117,961

In Germany December 21, 1935 4 m (01. 167-78) This invention relates to the. treatment of blood for the purpose of preventingits coagulation. I

Hitherto magnesium ions 'or"oxalate. ions have been used'for producing non-coagulating blood orplasma. Of both ions, however, rather high concentrations were-requiredfor preventing coagulation; there was the further drawback of rather powerful toxic effects, whichdefinitely o barred the transfer of non-coagulatingblood,

prepared in this way, fromjthe bodyof; the. dispensing'person into the .body of the diseasedv "person in the case of bloodtransfusions. The minimum concentration of ions required for preparing non-coagulating blood by means of magnesium ions is calculated attwo tenths millimole for 4 cm plasma or millimole if oxalate ions are used.

It is an objectof my invention to make it pos o sible to carry out blood v transfusions without danger of coagulation of the blood and while,

avoiding'the addition to the blood of substances having a toxic effect. v

Another object of my invention is to prevent 26 the coagulation of blood by means of practically insoluble or difii cultly soluble substances.

I have foundthat the metals of the rare earths and their diflicultly soluble and insoluble combinations are especially adapted to prevent or I 30 check coagulation of the blood. The coagulation of the blood can be prevented or checked after it has been extracted from the body. This method of applying the, process is of practical importance, e. g., for carrying out blood'transfu- I have found that the effect of preventingqblood coagulation may be obtained already by means of the metals of the rare earths themselves or by means of their diflicultly soluble compositions; 40 e. g., by this means that containers or conduits and similar conveyances. contacting with the blood are used, which consist of, or are covered with, metals or diflicultly soluble compositions of these metals; d

45 This action of the metals of the rare earths or their diflicultly soluble compositionsis of practical importance, before all,- when carrying out transfusions of blood, but also during other operations, where instruments and similar objects made from metal contact with the blood. By

using syringes with injection pipes-if necessary also cylinder and piston-made from, or covered with, metal of the rare earths or of theirinsoluble compositions such as oxides by trans- 55 ferring the-blood through pipes or collecting it in blood, and at 0.65 tenth beakers or similar containers made from, or covered with, thematerials aforesaid, the coagulation of the blood is prevented'owing to the -described action of the earth metal ions. As-is known to the art in view of other metals and the like, the instruments or accessory implements may be covered, e. g., with neodymium or the respective oxides, only at the surfaces contacting with the blood. v i Non-coagulating plasma is prepared in this "10 way, that the blood is extracted and is first made non-coagulating according to the aforesaid meth- 0d and'is separated from the not dissolved component parts by'means of acentrifugegor by sedimentation or similar methods. method is to make the blood run directly into the centrifuge beaker made from, or covered with, the metals of the rare earths, and to subject the blood'at once to'the centrifuging process.

In the drawing, accompanying this specification '20 and forming part thereof, two receptacles are illustrated byway of example, which consist, ac-

cording-to my invention, of a rare earth metal at the points contacting with the blood.

Fig. 1 is a view of an injection syringe;

Fig. 2 illustrates, by way of example, a centrifuge beaker adapted to the preparation of noncoagulating plasma or to collect the blood for the purpose of blood transfusion.

The receptacles are of the usual shape, dif- Q fering, however, from those hitherto used in this respect'that the injection pipe of the syringe. consists'of neodymium, and that the cylinder as well as the piston are .covered with neodymium. The inside of the centrifuge beaker is also covered with metallic neodymium. In a similar way also the small pipes used,-e. g., during blood transfusions are covered inside with a film ofmetallic neodymium. In this place of metallic neodymium also neodymium oxide may be used, 40

which maybe burnt onto a layer of another material.

' It will be understood that, the foregoing description is in illustration and not in limitation.

tvarious' alternative procedures may be adopted within the scope of the appended claims in which it is my intention to claim broadly all novelty inherent in the invention.

I claim:

1. The process of preventing the coagulation of blood or plasma in a container or the like comprising coating the inside surface of the container or the like 'with a substance selected from the group consisting of the rare earth metals and their diflicultly soluble and insoluble compounds.

A preferred ll The P1 Pr e t ng the coazulation of blood or plasma in a container or the like or blood or plasma in a container or the like comprising providing the container or the like comprising coating the inside surface of the eonwith an inside surface of a substance selected tainer or the like with metallic neodymium, from the group consisting oi! rare earth metals 3. The process of preventing the coagulation of and their difllcultly soluble and insoluble com- I blood or plasma in a container or the like compounds, and maintaining the blood or plasma in prising coating the inside surface of the concontact with the said inside suriace. tainer or the like with neodymium oxide.

4. The process of preventing the coagulation HANNS DYCKERHOFF. 

